Hey guys, I've dabbled in a few martial arts and have had the distinct honor of training under some of the world's best. (International gold medalists, 9th degree black belts, etc.) Note that I'm not close to being a world class athlete, but I have been around a little bit, so I thought I'd pop in here and distribute my 2 cents:
Don't fall for the hype that "X is the best martial art". If it was clearly the best, everyone would be doing that, and it would be the end of it.
First of all, understand what it is that you want to achieve from your martial arts training. Be 100% honest with yourself.
* Do you want to be able to defend yourself?
* After you defended yourself, how do you want the scene to look when the cops get there? This is VERY IMPORTANT. There's no point in celebrating how awesome you are at defending yourself if you straight to jail afterward.
* Do you want to be able to break bricks?
* Do you want to be able to punch guys in the face that touch your girl?
* Do you want to be able to do fancy looking high kicks?
* Do you want to be able to score really high on rate-my-punch-power machines?
* Do you want to be able to put on choke holds and joint locks on people?
* Do you want to just learn the techniques, or do you want to learn how to actually use them against a resisting opponent?
* Do you want to focus on striking, throwing from a standing position, or grappling on the ground?
* Do you want to use martial arts as a mantra to increase your discipline, confidence, and leadership abilities outside of the dojo?
* Do you want to push your body to the limit, or do you just want to go in, learn some stuff, and go home?
OK, now that I've talked that much, I might as well offer some real information, right?
Here's how it goes. You have your striking arts, such as Karate, Tae Kwon Doe, Kung Fu, Wing Chun, Boxing. Then you have your grappling arts, such as Judo and Brazilian Jujitsu. Then you have your mixed arts, such as Jujitsu, Hapkido. Then there's the modern ones like Krav Maga, MMA. Oh, and there's the fancy acrobatic ones like Wushu and Capoeira.
Striking Arts:
Let's talk about karate.
Most people knock karate, but that's because there are so many McDojos out there that teach poor karate. I don't know why people say karate is "useless". Have you ever been kicked in the head? Have you ever been punched with a perfectly executed punch in the diaphragm? Trust me, you don't keep fighting after that happens. Doesn't matter if you have a flabby gut or a 10-pack. You go straight down. Not back, not left, not right, just down.
Karate is very effective, but usually requires a bit of space to move around. If I were to fight someone in an open space, I would just stand back and go for karate, even though I can grapple. Why fight when you can evade?
It works with all body types, so you don't have to be extremely strong or well built.
Overall Pros:
* Take a man down quickly
* Very effective especially if you're light & fast
* It's easy to assume a defensive position in an open space
Cons:
* Looks brutal, and injuries to your opponent are very distinct, hard to explain your innocence.
* Not useful in a tight space
Other striking arts such as Wing Chun are better suited for closer quarters.
Tae Kwon Doe is similar to karate, but emphasizes more on kicks. It gets knocked even worse than karate for being "useless", but I haven't trained in it so I can't say much about it. I do know that Tae Kwon Doe practitioners are some of the calmest, most level-headed people I have ever seen. They never engage in fights with others, they never brag about their martial arts, and they never even get involved in arguments about "which martial art is better". Very cool guys.
Grappling Arts:
Judo is an amazing art. You are never without a weapon if you can slam someone with a planet. I've been kicked in the head plenty of times, and I've been thrown on my back on a mat. I can confidently say that there is nothing that shocks you to the core more than being thrown on your back, even on a mat. I can't imagine what it must be like on concrete. The entire experience of being lifted, spun in the air, and feeling a shock through your entire body is comparable to being hit unexpectedly by a truck.
It's very effective for when people are coming up to your face, because you can use their forward motion against them.
The best thing about Judo is that unless you slam someone hard enough to break their vertebrae and/or ribs, it leaves no marks and breaks no bones, and looks genuinely more innocuous that punching or kicking the guy. You also have a variety of holds, chokes, and locks that you can use to incapacitate/hold someone without hurting them. So you're much less likely to get in trouble for using excessive force.
Additionally, it just looks cool. If you're out with your friends/girlfriends and you get a douchebag in your face that you end up having to take out, what do think looks better:
Option 1: punching/kicking him until he goes down
Option 2: Taking him to the ground in one beautiful acrobatic movement, and then walking away. (He won't be able to get up for a few minutes.)
Judo is much more skill based than striking arts, and progression is more absolute. A yellow belt in karate may get a lucky punch or two against a black belt, but that will never ever happen in judo.
Actual grappling is very important in Judo. Unlike almost all other martial arts, you simply cannot progress in judo if you cannot fight or if you cannot apply the techniques against another opponent.
Strength does play a part in judo, so if you want to be good, you will have to hit the gym and work on your shoulders, chest, back, arms, and legs.
Pros:
* Very effective
* Easy to learn
* Easy to control a situation without people getting hurt/going to jail
Cons:
* Many techniques will not work against an opponent that isn't wearing a shirt
* No striking/blocking
Brazilian Jujitsu is based on judo, but focuses more on groundwork. Judo is about a 50/50 split in standing/ground work, but BJJ is more like 20/80.
BJJ practitioners claim that most fights go to the ground so you might as well just spend most of your time working on that, but I don't agree that this is always a good strategy. If there is more than one opponent, going to the ground just means you're going to get stomped to death by his friends. Additionally, if you can execute a good throw, you can ensure that the fight is over once you hit the ground.
Mixed/modern Arts:
It's hard to generalize these, because every club is different. Ultimately, you have to go to the specific dojo in question, watch a class, talk to the instructor, and see if it has what you're looking for. (See list of possible questions to consider at the beginning of this post!)
Note that if you want to get a mix of disciplines under your belt, you don't necessarily have to go to a "mixed" dojo. Many of the best UFC fighters trained in distinct disciplines one by one. (E.g. Karate for a while, judo for a while, BJJ for a while, etc.) It is common practice to train in a grappling art and a striking art at the same time.
What bothers me about some of the modern western arts like MMA is that they incorporate the techniques but they've lost the discipline and respect of martial arts. Some may disagree with me, but I believe that martial arts is not just about fighting, it's about mastering your mind and body, learning calm in the face of fire, and learning respect for others, as a reflection of your respect for yourself. You will not learn this in MMA, and I personally believe you are missing out if you go through all the sweat, tears, and blood spilled in training, without learning some of these traditional values.
I'm not much into yoga and zen shit, I don't read poetry, and I am by no means a vegetarian or tree hugger, but believe me, this martial arts mind-and-body thing is the real deal.
Bottom Line:
The single most important thing I can say is: If you want to actually learn how to fight, MAKE SURE you find a club that does ACTUAL FIGHTING EVERY DAY. No shadow-boxing BS, no taking-turns applying techniques BS, no "We only fight for 20 minutes on Fridays" BS, and stay away from places that say "Our techniques are lethal and dangerous so we can't actually practice them".
There is absolutely NO SUBSTITUTE for real practice against a resisting opponent, and any technique that you learn without this is USELESS. How do you know if it works if you've never done it? You need to have practiced a technique hundreds of times, to the point that you can do it without thinking in order to have a chance of being able to pull it off in a less than ideal situation.
I find it funny and yet also disturbing when someone claims to "know a technique" and then asks me to grab his neck like so, and subsequently has to think for 1-2 seconds before he can remember what to do. That's not going to work. You have to have it drilled to the point that it's second nature and completely automatic, otherwise it won't work.
This means that finding a good club has higher priority than finding the perfect art. It could be the case that all dojos teaching art X in your area, don't have the practical aspect of the art and so you need to find another art.
Of course, if you just want to learn the art and progress for discipline/lifestyle reasons or just to get some exercise and don't care about actual fighting, that's fair enough. Like I said, you have to look at what you want to get out of it.